RESUMO
Objetivo: Diseñar y validar un procedimiento enfermero de cribado de la neuropatía periférica diabética en atención primaria. Método: El estudio se llevó a cabo en tres fases. 1) Construcción de un banco de ítems para conformar el procedimiento con una puntuación de salida que describiera la situación clínica del paciente. 2) Prueba y reducción del procedimiento tentativo inicial sobre una muestra de 50 pacientes usuarios de consultas enfermeras comunitarias, eliminando los componentes con baja fiabilidad inter-intra enfermeras. 3) Validación de la versión del procedimiento obtenida en el paso anterior sobre una muestra de 106 pacientes. Cálculo de validez y fiabilidad eliminando componentes con baja validez de criterio respecto a los resultados de la electromiografía diagnóstica utilizada como patrón de referencia. Se estimaron puntos de corte para el empleo del procedimiento como herramienta de cribado, valores predictivos, rendimiento, consistencia interna y fiabilidad inter-intra enfermera. Resultados: El procedimiento tentativo inicial constó de 12 componentes que fueron reducidos a 10. En el proceso de validación de esta segunda versión el procedimiento se simplificó nuevamente, quedando conformado por 6 componentes, con un punto de corte de 2,5 en su escala de salida, punto en el que alcanza valores adecuados de sensibilidad y predictivos negativos para emplearlo como instrumento de cribado. Para este punto de corte la fiabilidad inter-intra enfermeras, la validez de criterio y la validez predictiva alcanzaron valores aceptables. Conclusiones: NeuDiaCan como procedimiento de cribado enfermero de la neuropatía periférica diabética en atención primaria resulta válido, fiable y de fácil empleo
Objective: To design and validate a nursing screening procedure for diabetic peripheral neuropathy in primary care. Methods: The study was carried out in three phases. 1) Construction of an item bank to form the procedure with an exit score describing the patient's clinical situation. 2) Test and reduction of the initial tentative procedure on a sample of 50 patients using community nurse consultations, eliminating the components with low inter-intra nurse reliability. 3) Validation of the version of the procedure obtained in the previous step on a sample of 106 patients. Calculation of validity and reliability by eliminating components with low criterion validity with respect to the results of the diagnostic electromyography used as a reference standard. Cut-off points were estimated for the use of the procedure as a screening tool, predictive values, performance, internal consistency and inter-nurse reliability. Results: The initial tentative procedure consisted of 12 components that were reduced to 10. In the process of validation of this second version the procedure was simplified again, eventually comprising 6 components, with a cut-off point of 2.5 in its output scale, the point at which it reaches adequate values of sensitivity and negative predictors to be used as a screening instrument. For this cut-off point the inter-intra nurse reliability, criterion validity and predictive validity reached acceptable values. Conclusions: NeuDiaCan as a nursing screening procedure for diabetic peripheral neuropathy in primary care is valid, reliable and easy to use
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Periférico/diagnóstico , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Periférico/enfermagem , Neuropatias Diabéticas/diagnóstico , Neuropatias Diabéticas/enfermagem , Variações Dependentes do Observador , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , EletromiografiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To design and validate a nursing screening procedure for diabetic peripheral neuropathy in primary care. METHODS: The study was carried out in three phases. 1)Construction of an item bank to form the procedure with an exit score describing the patient's clinical situation. 2)Test and reduction of the initial tentative procedure on a sample of 50 patients using community nurse consultations, eliminating the components with low inter-intra nurse reliability. 3)Validation of the version of the procedure obtained in the previous step on a sample of 106 patients. Calculation of validity and reliability by eliminating components with low criterion validity with respect to the results of the diagnostic electromyography used as a reference standard. Cut-off points were estimated for the use of the procedure as a screening tool, predictive values, performance, internal consistency and inter-nurse reliability. RESULTS: The initial tentative procedure consisted of 12 components that were reduced to 10. In the process of validation of this second version the procedure was simplified again, eventually comprising 6 components, with a cut-off point of 2.5 in its output scale, the point at which it reaches adequate values of sensitivity and negative predictors to be used as a screening instrument. For this cut-off point the inter-intra nurse reliability, criterion validity and predictive validity reached acceptable values. CONCLUSIONS: NeuDiaCan as a nursing screening procedure for diabetic peripheral neuropathy in primary care is valid, reliable and easy to use.
